Italy - Pizza: The history of pizza is complex and uncertain. The first written attestations of the term date back to the payment for a rental contract dated January 31, 1201 in Sulmona (Italy). The appearance of the Marinara pizza dates back to 1734. A story tells that in June 1889, to honor the Queen of Italy Margherita of Savoia, the chef Raffaele Esposito prepared the "Pizza Margherita", topped with tomatoes, mozzarella and basil, to represent the colors of the Italian flag.