Susan B. Anthony, (1820â1906), was a U.S. pioneer in the womenâs suffrage movement.
A precocious child, she learned to read and write at the age of three. After attending a boarding school in Philadelphia, she took a teaching position in a Quaker seminary in New York. She taught at a female academy (1846â49) and then settled in her family home near Rochester. There she met many leading abolitionists, including Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison.
The rebuff of her attempt to speak at a temperance meeting in Albany in 1852 prompted her to organize the Womanâs State Temperance Society of New York. From this time she was a tireless campaigner for abolition and womenâs rights.
During the early phase of the Civil War she helped organize the Womenâs National Loyal League, which urged the case for emancipation. After the war, she campaigned unsuccessfully to have the language of the Fourteenth Amendment altered to allow for woman as well as âNegroâ suffrage. As a test of the legality of the suffrage provision of the Fourteenth Amendment, she cast a vote in the 1872 presidential election in Rochester. She was arrested, convicted (the judgeâs directed verdict of guilty had been written before the trial began), and fined; though she refused to pay the fine, the case was carried no further.
She served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (1892â1900) and lectured throughout the country for a federal womenâs-suffrage amendment.
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